We have invented and reduced to practice a class of devices for controlling the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of neutron beams. These devices are based on spiral phase plates that can be produced by conventional numerically-controlled machining of common materials. OAM programming, which has been...

The invention is a method of determining the mass of a gas (such as argon or natural gas) contained within a large pressure vessel (“tank”) with a relative uncertainty of less than 0.2 % by combining measurements of the gas pressure, the frequencies of the microwave and acoustic resonances within...

Radiation pressure is a force that results when light reflects from a mirror. By measuring the force on a mirror, the power in a laser beam can be assessed. We have invented a miniaturized mirrored force sensor that combines several key elements to make a sensor that is smaller, faster, more...

An ElectroMagnetic-Mechanical Pulser (“EMMP”) generates electron pulses at a continuously tunable rate between 100 MHz and 20-50 GHz, with energies up to 0.5 MeV, duty cycles up to 20%, and pulse widths between 100 fs and 10 ps. A dielectric-filled Traveling Wave Transmission Stripline (“TWTS”)...

Coplanar waveguides (CPWs) with a continuous, self-aligned gap between the center trace and the ground plane are described with the additional functionality that a bridge between the two grounds is left as a crossover. The width of the gap can be made in the lOO's of nm range using optical...

We present a table-top apparatus for time-resolved x-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy consisting of a laser plasma x-ray source, a microcalorimeter array x-ray spectrometer, and an interaction region where samples of interest can be excited by ultraviolet/visible/infrared light pulses and...

A displacement sensor is constructed with a laser diode interferometer in which the sinusoidal phase-modulation (SPM) is produced by modulating the injection current of the laser diode between two laser beams reflected by an object surface and an inner surface of the optical fiber respectively. The...

A dimensional reference system for tomography, including X-ray computed tomography and MRI tomography. The system includes a dimensional reference apparatus that comprises plurality of spheres composed of a material having an X-ray absorption property between approximately +500 Hounsfield units and...

A Gd.sub.5Ge.sub.2Si.sub.2 refrigerant compound is doped or alloyed with an effective amount of silicide-forming metal element such that the magnetic hysteresis losses in the doped Gd.sub.5Ge.sub.2Si.sub.2 compound are substantially reduced in comparison to the hysteresis losses of the undoped Gd...

The new technical idea involves joining of load carrying elements of hot rolled steel sections (flanges and webs) using molten metal to fill a void between load transfer components. Holes, grooves, slots, etc. would be cut in these load transfer components so that the metal filler when cool would...

An inductive flash desorber includes: an induction coil that includes a coil; an substrate disposed through the induction coil; and a flow tube interposed between the induction coil and the substrate such that the flow tube: is encircled by the coil; surrounds the substrate within the coil;...

A microfluidic device is described, capable of generating multiple spatial chemical gradients simultaneously inside a microfluidic chamber. The chemical gradients are generated by diffusion, without convection, and can either be maintained constant over long time periods, or modified dynamically. A...

• Providing a sample that includes nucleic-acid molecules of unknown size and concentration• Labeling the sample with a fluorescent dye such that the amount of dye labeling each nucleic-acid molecule is reliably proportional to the size of the moleculeo Measuring the unknown concentration of...

Methods and systems are described for suppressing nonresonant background in broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy and spectroscopy. The methods and systems improve sensitivity and signal to noise ratio in CARS.

The phase-sensitive amplifier implementing our chi(3) 4-wave mixing source would be an enabling technology for image processing. A number of efforts in the newly labeled field of "quantum imaging" allow for better detection sensitivity or better image resolution if one is able to apply "squeezed"...

The dielectric slit die is an instrument that is designed to measure electrical, rheological, ultrasonics, optical and other properties of a flowing liquid. In one application, it is connected to the exit of an extruder, pump or mixing machine that passes liquefied material such as molten plastic,...

The response of field effect transistors (FET) to an external charge, for example from proteins, DNA, etc., has allowed the development of chemical FETs, as well as ion-sensitive FETs. To overcome the poor sensitivity (chemFET) and limited selectivity of existing devices, we have developed a thin...

A superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SN-SPD) microelectric circuit is describes which has higher quantum efficency and signal-to-noise than any SN-SPD's known in the art. The material and configuration of the microelectronic circuit eliminates the polarization independence and high...

An article includes a substrate; and a coating disposed on the substrate that includes a microporous layer; a gradient in a density of a volume of the microporous layer; and a plurality of dendritic veins that are anisotropically disposed in the coating. A process for forming a coating includes...

The invention describes a novel method for storing a database of usemames and corresponding passwords on software and hardware security modules( such as smart cards and USB security tokens) that do not offer native password database storage capability. External applications can access and use these...

Methods of detecting the presence of toxins in a sample using electrophoretic separations and of performing electrophoretic separation of complex samples are provided. The method of detecting the presence of toxins includes reacting a sample and a substrate with a signaling enzyme which converts...

We have invented a method to enable the crumpling of graphene oxide, a graphene precursor, into monodisperse, water soluble, solid nanospheres. The nanospheres were transformed into a graphene-like material after heating while retaining their spherical conformation.

A method of harvesting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is provided. According to this method, CNT bundles, comprising CNTs associated with metallic catalysts and having amorphous carbon coatings are agitated in an aqueous liquid containing a dispersant with free-flowing grit particles to disassociate the...

Headspace analysis is a technique in which a gas that has previously been in contact with a condensed phase (solid or liquid) is examined for the presence of volatile compounds released into the gas. The partitioning of analytes into the gas phase can be understood or even predicted with...

An intermittent contact atomic force microscope includes: a cantilever configured to receive a contact resonance modulation; a sample disposed proximate to the cantilever; a contact resonance modulator in communication with the cantilever and configured to provide the contact resonance modulation...

A digester-evaporator for partially digesting a sample and for evaporating the solvent after partial digestion. The digester includes at least one reaction coil; a heating element arranged along a portion of the reaction coil; at least a portion of the reaction coil proximate to its output being...

Core-shell nanoparticles and techniques for their synthesis are described herein. Generally, the nanoparticles comprise a core that includes iron and at least one shell deposed about the core that includes nickel. In certain versions, the nanoparticles are free of precious metals.

A lamp to produce white light includes an envelope; and a composition disposed in the envelope and including an initiator; a primary halide; and a secondary halide, wherein the primary halide, in a presence of the secondary halide, has a vapor pressure that is greater than a vapor pressure in an...

A laser Doppler vibrometer for vibration measurement that employs active feedback to cancel the effect of large vibration excursions at low frequencies, obviating the need to unwrap phase data. The Doppler shift of a reflective vibrating test object is sensed interferometrically and compensated by...

The present invention relates to a method of rapidly and repeatably bringing sharp objects into close proximity to a particular region of interest of a sample with high precision and accuracy in two or three dimensions using a laser guided tip approach with three dimensional regristration to the...