In the solar cell measurement field, there have been reports of two kinds of nonlinearity verification methods. One involves performing irradiance-mode spectral response measurements as a function of light bias (LB) current . The second method includes a simple flux addition method using a dual...

NIST developed a Cobalt-Nickel multilayer with strong perpendicular magnetization that is suitable for growth on piezoelectric PZT. Strain mediated by the PZT can modulate the magnetic coercivity by over 30 %, a promising benchmark for strain- tuneable perpendicular magnetization. A strong...

This invention is a method and apparatus for optical-to-microwave conversion and synthesis of lightwaves directly with electronics. The invention's electronic synthesizer for light creates a frequency comb in which all the modes of the comb are directly traceable to one electronic signal. It...

This invention is a photonic-chip optical synthesizer, which produces a laser output in optical fiber with a user-defined optical frequency. The invention is based on microresonator optical frequency combs and other heterogeneously integrated photonic components such that revolutionary performance...

A deformometer includes: a cavity body; entry and exit optical cavity optics, such that the optical cavity produces filtered combined light from combined light; a first laser that provides first light; a second laser that provides second light; an optical combiner that: receives the first light;...

A deformometer includes: a cavity body; entry and exit optical cavity optics, such that the optical cavity produces filtered combined light from combined light; a first laser that provides first light; a second laser that provides second light; an optical combiner that: receives the first light;...

A deformometer includes: a cavity body; entry and exit optical cavity optics, such that the optical cavity produces filtered combined light from combined light; a first laser that provides first light; a second laser that provides second light; an optical combiner that: receives the first light;...

A deformometer includes: a cavity body; entry and exit optical cavity optics, such that the optical cavity produces filtered combined light from combined light; a first laser that provides first light; a second laser that provides second light; an optical combiner that: receives the first light;...

This invention is a thermal detector for optical and infrared radiation. The basis of the detector is a multiwall carbon nanotube array operating as a bolometer on micromachined silicon. The multiwall carbon nanotube array is multifunctional: heater, thermometer and radiation absorber. The...

Optofluidics is the marriage of microfluidics and optical technology. The NIST optical flow meter provides on chip assessment of flow and heat transfer resulting in improvement in fluid metrology and advances in biological sensing. Most current pressure measurements rely on external pressure...

Lasers play many roles in manufacturing processes.To control these tasks, manufacturers must ensure that their lasers fire at the correct power. However, to date there has been no way to precisely measure laser power during a manufacturing process. Without this information, some manufacturers may...

Superconducting nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy instruments are expensive and require cryogenic cooling. Due to market demand and technological advances, the presence of benchtop NMR that do not require cryo-cooling has been increasing. Benchtop NMR are highly advantageous for...

Lasers play many roles in manufacturing processes. To control these tasks, manufacturers must ensure that their lasers fire at the correct power. However, to date there has been no way to precisely measure laser power during a manufacturing process. The current practice is to use an external...

An optical time distributor includes: a master clock including: a master comb; a transfer comb; and a free-space optical terminal; and a remote clock in optical communication with the master clock via a free space link and including: a remote comb that produces: a remote clock coherent optical...

Typically, processing engineers measure a small subset of a product (liquid, solid, or gas) in order to perform quality assurance during manufacturing. This sampling method is used because existing commercial technologies for conductivity and dielectric characterization are slow, frequently require...

This invention provides for a new and useful metrology to enable counterfeit detection system capable of uniquely marking items by encoding information in their physical structure at the nanoscale. The system depends on rapidly encoding information in the physical structure of an object and to...

An ElectroMagnetic-Mechanical Pulser (“EMMP”) generates electron pulses at a continuously tunable rate between 100 MHz and 20-50 GHz, with energies up to 0.5 MeV, duty cycles up to 20%, and pulse widths between 100 fs and 10 ps. A dielectric-filled Traveling Wave Transmission Stripline (“TWTS”)...

An optical phantom produces a time-resolved diffuse reflectance spectrum and includes: a light source; a spatial light modulator; and an optical delay line including optical fibers of different length that produce different time-of-flight distributions, such that different time-of-flight...

A nanostructure sensing device comprises a semiconductor nanostructure having an outer surface, and at least one of metal or metal-oxide nanoparticle clusters functionalizing the outer surface of the nanostructure and forming a photoconductive nanostructure/nanocluster hybrid sensor enabling light-...

An electron reflectometer includes: a sample stage; a source that produces source electrons; a source collimator; and an electron detector that receives collimated reflected electrons.

Disciplined clocks work by using an external reference source to synchronize the time of their local clock, and to control the frequency of the clock’s local oscillator so that the clock is continuously kept on time. The external reference source for a disciplined clock is typically an radio...

Mechanical resonators are widely used in wireless receivers, bio sensors, and timing and frequency control. Besides industry, in recent years in academia there is also considerable interest for ultrahigh precision sensing and fundamental science. A mechanical resonator with the following three...

NIST has created a method to use quantum systems with long-range interactions to do the following two things faster (in some cases exponentially faster) than in systems with short-range interactions: (1) accomplish quantum state transfer across the system; (2) prepare a large variety of entangled...