The advent of micro lithography techniques into the study of cell biology have greatly increased our understanding how cellular functioning is in part regulated by the interaction of cells with the extracellular matrix. Currently many techniques have used microcontact patterning (/lCP) to apply ECM...

A microscope probe includes a substrate; an optical resonator disposed on the substrate and including an optical resonance property; a displacement member disposed on the substrate and separated from the optical resonator, the displacement member including: a first end disposed distal to the...

Mixing of fluids is a central component to innumerable operations in chemical processing on the plant floor and also in many laboratory operations. Most mixing applications simply require the efficient blending of fluids present in a single phase, such as the mixing of the individual components ofa...

This invention opens the field of direct phase-coherent microwave to optical frequency comparison using a single optical frequency comb, and is a simple technique for precision frequency synthesis over the entire optical spectrum. The need for even a single divider stage for use in connecting...

Current devices for detecting transmitted electrons in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) provide limited angular selectivity and do not enable fine signal selection control in transmission mode. High-end devices enabling better angular selectivity exist, but they are new and the cost of a single...

It has been discovered that a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) phantom provides a structure having an internal volume and sample receiver for disposal of a sample in the MRI phantom and from which MRI data is acquired for determination of performance of an MRI device. Such determination can provide...

In a single step a (50 to 200) mass% coating is applied to all the surfaces of polyurethane foam retardant. Foam typically ignites immediately upon exposure to an open flame and will be completely consumed in a matter of seconds to minutes. The coated foam shows a significant improvement in...

A method and apparatus for aligning, stabilizing and registering two or more structures in one or more dimensional space with picometer-scale precision. Low noise laser light is scattered by at least one or more structure or fiducial marks. One mark may be coupled to each structure to be positioned...

Systems and methods for performing chromatography separations or analyses are disclosed. The methods are based upon an equilibrium gradient focusing mode in contrast to conventional transient migration-based modes. By matching the migration speed of one or more analyte(s) of interest to the wave...

The phase modulation (PM) noise reducer is a novel scheme for lowering the PM noise of an oscillator. Low PM noise, or phase instability, is among the most important metrics for oscillators used in modern civilian and military applications. One can sense and correct an oscillator’s PM noise by...

Pressure-based refreshable scanning tactile graphics display apparatus and methods are disclosed for localized sensory stimulation. The apparatus include a display array having stimulus points embedded in a matrix, an energy source applied at the stimulus points through a modulator, a control unit...

Spin torque transfer random access memory (STT-RAM) is currently under development by most semiconductor manufacturers. By using the magnetization of a nanoscale patterned magnetic element to record information, STT-RAM combines multiple desirable features into a single memory technology: non-...

This invention de3scribes a device and method to help proctect and given avalanche photo diode (APD) from excessive light or photon counts without modification to the APD itself or the associated power for the APD. High photon count rate to a reference frequency and rapidly shutting down the APD if...

We describe a hardware and software system that allows pulses from one or more x-ray microcalorimeter x-ray detectors to be converted into a histogram of x-ray energies in real time. The system identifies and rejects pileup and other corrupted pulses to an arbitrary degree, filters the pulses for...

Methods of fabricating nanowire structures and nanodevices are provided. The methods involve photolithographically depositing a nucleation center on a crystalline surface of a substrate, generating a nanoscale seed from the nucleation center, and epitaxially growing a nanowire across at least a...

A method for microfabrication of a microfluidic device having sub-millimeter three dimensional relief structures is disclosed. In this method, homogeneous surfaces, which do not exhibit apparent pixel geometry, emerge from the interaction of the overlapping of diffracted light under opaque pixels...

This patent describes a frequency comb system that is based entirely off polarization maintaining (PM) fiber and commercial PM-telecom components. It can be assembled quickly and reproducibly and has a high level of immunity to environmental factors. The system consists of: a compact, robust, and...

A fast switching arbitrary frequency light source for broadband spectroscopic applications. The light source may operate near 1.6 um based on sideband tuning using an electro-optic modulator driven by an arbitrary waveform generator. A Fabry-Perot filter cavity selects a single sideband of the...

Fingerprint lifting systems and related methods are described which enable the collected print(s) to be subjected to analytical techniques that employ relatively high temperatures. The fingerprint lifting system includes a thin layer of heat resistant pressure sensitive adhesive.

A coating has been specifically designed to suppress smoldering and flammability of cover fabrics used in upholstered furniture. The coating is applied to the back side of a cover fabric (backcoating) without affecting the face fibers of the fabric in terms of color, hand or general visual...

A double-side polished wafer that is transparent to infrared radiation is coupled to two reusable prisms of high refractive index by applying localized pressure. By coupling the prism to the wafer, infrared radiation an an angle greater than the critical angle can be passed through the wafer with...

Dopamine is a natural, biological compound found in the bodies of animals as neurotransmitters. Melamine is a commonly used flame retardant for cellulose and plymers that can be derived from the naturally occurring compound, urea. We have used aqueous solutions of these compounds to saturate...

Current methods for measuring the qualities of algal strains are far from ideal. They measure the lipid production of small cultures using chromatographic or gravimetric technology, a process that can take days per sample due to the volume of cells involved. A reliance on averaging bulk...

A fluid delivery system is described which provides stable flow rates over a range of different flow rates and while multiple fluids are being concurrently delivered. The delivery system includes one or more reservoirs each containing a respective fluid to be transferred. The reservoir(s) are...

A method and system for a folding microfluidic device comprises creating at least one folding line in a material, forming a plurality of layers of a microfluidic device in said material, and folding the material at the fold lines to create a self-aligned multilayered microfluidic device. The...

A method and device are provided for concentrating and separating ionic species in solution within a fluidic device having a fluid conduit such as a channel or capillary. The concentration is achieved by balancing the electrophoretic velocity of an analyte against the bulk flow of solution in the...

The process and method provides a means of leveraging Next Generation Access Control (NGAC) standard for expression and enforcement of access control policies over SQL queries for accessing tables, records, columns, and fields in existing RDBMS products. By leveraging NGAC the Process and method...

An articles includes: an ion source configured to provide a first ion beam that has a first brightness; and a cooler configured to receive the first ion beam and to produce a second ion beam from the first ion beam, the second ion beam including a second brightness that is greater than the first...

Disclosed is a system, comprising a series of devices, for encapsulating and obtaining high­ resolution imaging and spectroscopic measurements of samples in a fluid (gas or liquid) environment in the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The system comprises a nanofabricated chip which enables...

Engineered sortase variants are shown to have promiscuous activity that allow proteinsto be tagged using a diverse array of small, commercially available amines, includingbioorthogonal functional groups. This technique can also be carried out in living microbial cells,enabling simple, inexpensive...